Pilonidal Cyst and Sinus: Symptoms and Treatment
Pilonidal disease is a common skin condition at the top of the buttock crease. Hair and skin debris can become trapped under the skin, forming a cyst or a small channel (sinus) that may become infected.
What is pilonidal disease?
It most often affects young adults, more commonly men, and people who sit for long periods. Some people have no symptoms until the area becomes infected.
Common symptoms include:
- Pain or swelling at the top of the buttock crease
- Redness and tenderness
- Drainage of pus or blood
- Small openings or pits in the skin
A painful, swollen, red area at the top of the buttock crease may be an abscess and should be assessed promptly, ideally within 24 to 48 hours. If you cannot get an appointment that quickly, go to an emergency department. If you have a fever, diabetes or a weakened immune system, go without waiting.
Treatment Options
1. Drainage
An infected pilonidal abscess is drained to relieve pain and clear the infection, usually under local anaesthetic.
2. Excision
If the problem keeps coming back, the cyst or sinus can be removed. Depending on its size, this is done in the clinic under local anaesthetic or in state-of-the-art operating rooms located near the Center. Your doctor will explain the options for closing and caring for the wound.
After Treatment
You will receive written wound-care instructions. Keeping the area clean and free of hair helps lower the chance of the condition returning.
When to Seek Medical Care After Pilonidal Drainage or Excision
Contact your doctor if you experience:
- Fever
- Increasing pain, redness or swelling
- Heavy bleeding from the wound
Pilonidal disease is common and treatable. A consultation helps you choose the right approach and reduce the chance of it coming back.
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